AIDS
AIDS stands
for: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AIDS is a
medical condition. A person is diagnosed with AIDS when their immune system is
too weak to fight off infections.
Cause
AIDS is
caused by HIV.
HIV is a
virus that gradually attacks immune system cells. As HIV progressively damages
these cells, the body becomes more vulnerable to infections, which it will have
difficulty in fighting off. It is at the point of very advanced HIV infection
that a person is said to have AIDS. If left untreated, it can take around ten
years before HIV has damaged the immune system enough for AIDS to develop.
The virus
can be spread (transmitted):
- Through
sexual contact -- including oral, vaginal, and anal
sex
- Through
blood -- via blood transfusions (now extremely rare in
the U.S.) or needle sharing
- From
mother to child -- a pregnant woman can transmit the
virus to her foetus through their shared blood circulation, or a nursing
mother can transmit it to her baby in her breast milk
HIV
infection is NOT spread by:
- Casual
contact such as hugging
- Mosquitoes
- Participation
in sports
- Touching
items that were touched by a person infected with the virus
People at
highest risk for getting HIV include:
- Injection
drug users who share needles
- Infants
born to mothers with HIV who didn't receive HIV therapy during pregnancy
- People
engaging in unprotected sex, especially with people who have other
high-risk behaviours, are HIV-positive, or have AIDS
- People
who received blood transfusions or clotting products between 1977 and 1985
(before screening for the virus became standard practice)
- Sexual
partners of those who participate in high-risk activities (such as
injection drug use or anal sex)
Symptoms
AIDS begins
with HIV infection. People who are infected with HIV may have no symptoms for
10 years or longer, but they can still transmit the infection to others during
this symptom-free period. If the infection is not detected and treated, the
immune system gradually weakens and AIDS develops.
Almost all
people infected with HIV, if they are not treated, will develop AIDS. There is
a small group of patients who develop AIDS very slowly, or never at all. These
patients are called non progressors, and many seem to have a genetic difference
that prevents the virus from significantly damaging their immune system.
The symptoms
of AIDS are mainly the result of infections that do not normally develop in
people with a healthy immune system. These are called opportunistic infections.
People with
AIDS have had their immune system damaged by HIV and are very susceptible to
these opportunistic infections.
Common
symptoms are:
- Chills
- Fever
- Sweats
(particularly at night)
- Swollen
lymph glands
- Weakness
- Weight
loss
Note: At first, infection with HIV may produce no symptoms. Some
people, however, do experience flu-like symptoms with fever, rash, sore throat,
and swollen lymph nodes, usually 2 - 4 weeks after contracting the virus. Some
people with HIV infection stay symptom-free for years between the times when
they are exposed to the virus and when they develop AIDS.
Signs
CD4 cells
are a type of T cell. T cells are cells of the immune system. They are also
called "helper cells."
The
following illnesses are
Common with
a CD4 count below 350 cells/mm3:
- Herpes
simplex virus -- causes ulcers/small blisters in
the mouth or genitals, happens more often and usually much more severely
in an HIV-infected person than in someone without HIV infection
- Herpes
zoster (shingles) -- ulcers/small blisters over a
patch of skin, caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, the
same virus that causes chickenpox
- Kaposi's
sarcoma -- cancer of the skin, lungs, and
bowel due to a herpes virus (HHV-8). It can happen at any CD4 count, but
is more likely to happen at lower CD4 counts, and is more common in men
than in women.
- Non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma -- cancer of the lymph nodes
- Oral
or vaginal thrush -- yeast (typically Candida
albicans) infection of the mouth or vagina
- Tuberculosis
-- infection by tuberculosis bacteria mostly affects the lungs, but can
also affect other organs such as the bowel, lining of the heart or lungs,
brain, or lining of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
Common with
CD4 count below 200 cells/mm3:
- Bacillary
angiomatosis -- skin sores caused by a bacteria
called Bartonella, which may be caused by cat scratches
- Candida
esophagitis -- painful yeast infection of the oesophagus
- Pneumocystis
jiroveci pneumonia, "PCP pneumonia,"
previously called Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, caused by a fungus
Common with
CD4 count below 100 cells/mm3:
- AIDS
dementia -- worsening and slowing of mental
function, caused by HIV
- Cryptococcal
meningitis -- fungal infection of the lining of
the brain
- Cryptosporidium
diarrhoea -- Extreme diarrhoea caused by a
parasite that affects the gastrointestinal tract
- Progressive
multifocal leukoencephalopathy -- a disease of the
brain caused by a virus (called the JC virus) that results in a severe
decline in mental and physical functions
- Toxoplasma
encephalitis -- infection of the brain by a
parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, which is often found in cat feces;
causes lesions (sores) in the brain
- Wasting
syndrome -- extreme weight loss and loss of
appetite, caused by HIV itself
Common with
CD4 count below 50/mm3:
- Cytomegalovirus
infection -- a viral infection that can affect
almost any organ system, especially the large bowel and the eyes
- Mycobacterium
avium -- a blood infection by a bacterium related to
tuberculosis
Treatment
There is no
cure for AIDS at this time. However, a variety of treatments are available that
can help keep symptoms at bay and improve the quality of life for those who
have already developed symptoms.
Symptomatic
Homeopathy medicines may helps to relief the symptoms and helps to improve the
immune system. Even no cure in Homeopathy itself, but Homeopathy medicines
works well without any side effect
For more
details & Consultation
Contact us.
Vivekanantha Clinic Consultation Champers at
Chennai:- 9786901830
Panruti:- 9443054168
Pondicherry:- 9865212055 (Camp)
For appointment
please Call us or Mail Us.
For appointment: SMS your
Name -Age – Mobile Number - Problem in Single word - date and day - Place of
appointment (Eg: Rajini- 30 - 99xxxxxxx0 – எய்ட்ஸ், ஹெச் ஐ வி, HIV, AIDS – 21st Oct, Sunday - Chennai ). You will
receive Appointment details through SMS,
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