Some psycho conditions
Adjustment disorders: A
type of condition with emotional or behavioural symptoms that occur in response
to identifiable stress in a person’s life.
Affective disorder (also
called mood disorder): A category of mental health problems that
includes a disturbance in mood, usually profound sadness or apathy, euphoria or
irritability, such as the disorder depression.
Agoraphobia: A
Greek word that literally means “fear of the marketplace.” This anxiety
disorder is characterized by a fear of open, public places or of being in
crowds. Agoraphobics often experience panic attacks in a place or situation
from which escape may be difficult or embarrassing.
Amnestic disorder (also
called amnesia): A brain disorder marked by memory impairment.
Anger: The
experience of intense annoyance that inspires hostile and aggressive thoughts
and actions.
Anorexia nervosa (also called
anorexia): An eating disorder characterized by low body
weight, a distorted body image, an extreme aversion to food and an intense fear
of gaining weight.
Antidepressants: Medications
that treat depression, as well as other psychiatric disorders.
Children, teens and adults
being treated with antidepressants, particularly anyone being treated for
depression, should be watched closely for worsening of depression and for
increased suicidal thinking or behaviour. Close watching may be especially
important early in treatment or when the dose is changed – either increased or
decreased. Bring up your concerns immediately with a doctor.
Antisocial personality
disorder: A disorder characterized by a disregard for the
feelings, property, authority and respect of others, for an individual’s own
personal gain. This may include violent or aggressive destructive actions
toward other people, without a sense or remorse or guilt.
Anxiety: A feeling of unease and fear of impending danger
characterized by physical symptoms such as rapid heart rate, sweating,
trembling and feelings of stress. In contrast to fear, the danger or threat in
anxiety is imagined, not real.
Anxiety disorders: Conditions
characterized by high levels of anxiety. Currently five different anxiety
disorders are recognized: generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive
disorder, panic disorder, post traumatic stress disorder and social phobia.
Attention-deficit disorder
(ADD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A
behaviour disorder, usually first diagnosed in childhood that is characterized
by inattention, impulsivity and, in some cases, hyperactivity.
Autistic disorder (also
called autism): A neurological and developmental disorder that
usually appears during the first three years of life. A child with autism appears
to live in his/her own world, demonstrating little interest in others and a
lack of social awareness. The focus of an autistic child is a consistent
routine and includes an interest in repeating odd and peculiar behaviours.
Autistic children often have problems in communication, avoid eye contact and
show limited attachment to others.
Avoidant personality
disorder: People with avoidant
personality disorder avoid situations with any potential for conflict or
rejection and are disturbed by their own social isolation, withdrawal and
inability to form close, interpersonal relationships.
Behavioural therapy: A
form of psychotherapy that focuses on modifying observable problematic
behaviours by manipulating the individual’s environment.
Binge eating disorder: A
disorder that resembles bulimia nervosa and is characterized by episodes of
excessive overeating (or bingeing). It differs from bulimia, because sufferers
do not purge their bodies of the excess food, via vomiting, laxative abuse or
diuretic abuse.
Bingeing: A
destructive pattern of excessive overeating.
Bipolar disorder: A
mood disorder (formerly called manic-depressive disorder) that is characterized
by episodes of major depression and mania.
Borderline personality
disorder: People with this disorder present instability in
their perceptions of themselves, and have difficulty maintaining stable
relationships. Moods may also be inconsistent, but never neutral — their sense
of reality is always seen in “black and white.” Adults with borderline personality
disorder often seek caretaking through the manipulation of others, leaving them
often feeling empty, angry and abandoned, which may lead to desperate and
impulsive behaviour.
Bulimia nervosa (also called
bulimia): A condition characterized by binge eating
followed by extreme measures to undo the binge (often vomiting).
Child and adolescent
psychiatrist: Licensed physicians who specialize in the
evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in children and
adolescents.
Chronic: A term used to describe long-term persistence.
In some mental health disorders, chronic is specified as persisting for six
months or longer.
Claustrophobia: A
fear of enclosed spaces.
Cognitive-behavioural
therapy: A method of treating psychiatric disorders based
on the idea that the way we think about the world and ourselves (our
cognitions) affects our emotions and behaviour.
Cognitive disorders: The
class of disorders consisting of significant impairment of cognition or memory
that represents a marked deterioration from a previous level of functioning.
Cognitive therapy: A
method of treating psychiatric disorders that focuses on revising a person’s
thinking, perceptions, attitudes and beliefs.
Compartmentalization: A
process of separating parts of the self from awareness of other parts and
behaving as if one had separate sets of values. This is considered a defence
mechanism.
Compensation: A
process of psychologically counterbalancing perceived weaknesses by emphasizing
strength in other arenas. This is considered a defence mechanism.
Compulsion: An
uncontrollable, repetitive and unwanted urge to perform an act. A compulsive
act is a defence against unacceptable ideas and desires, and failure to perform
the act leads to anxiety.
Compulsive overeating: A tendency toward binging on large amounts of
food, followed by extreme guilt.
Cyclothymia:A mood disorder of at least two years’ duration
viewed as a mild variant of bipolar disorder. Cyclothymia is characterized by
numerous periods of mild depressive symptoms not sufficient in duration or
severity to meet the criteria for major depression interspersed with periods of
hypomania.
Delirium: A condition in which changes in cognition,
including a disturbance in consciousness, occur over a relatively short period
of time.
Delusions: Beliefs
such as delusions of grandeur that are thought to be true by the person having
them, but these beliefs are wrong. People with delusions cannot be convinced
that their beliefs are incorrect.
Dementia: A
group of mental disorders involving a general loss of intellectual abilities,
including memory, judgment and abstract thinking. Dementias may be associated
with poor impulse control and personality changes.
Denial: The
refusal to accept reality and to act as if a painful event, thought or feeling
did not exist.
Dependent personality
disorder: People with this disorder rely heavily on others
for validation and fulfilment of basic needs. They often lack self-confidence,
have difficulty making decisions and are unable to properly care for
themselves.
Depression: A mood disturbance characterized by feelings of
sadness, loneliness, despair, low self-esteem, worthlessness, withdrawal from
social interaction, and sleep and eating disturbances.
Diagnosis: The
determination by a health care professional of the cause of a person’s
problems, usually by identifying both the disease process and the agent
responsible.
Displacement: The
redirecting of thoughts, feelings and impulses from a source that causes
anxiety to a safer, more acceptable one.
Dyslexia A
reading disorder. A child with dyslexia reads below the expected level given
his/her age, school grade and intelligence.
Dysthymia (also known as
dysthymic disorder): A mood disorder characterized by chronic mildly
depressed or irritable mood often accompanied by a loss of interest or pleasure
in normal activities that is present most of the time for at least two years.
Many people with dysthymia experience major depressive episodes at times.
Eating disorders: Disorders
characterized by abnormal eating behaviours and a distorted body image.
Euphoria: A feeling of elation that is not based on
reality and is commonly exaggerated.
Factitious disorders: Conditions
in which physical and/or psychological symptoms are fabricated in order to
place an individual in the role of a patient or sick person in need of help.
Generalized anxiety disorder
(GAD): A psychiatric condition in which the main
symptoms are chronic worry and fear that seems to have no real cause. There may
be many associated physical reactions, such as trembling, jitteriness,
sweating, light headedness and irritability.
Hallucinations: A
strong perception of an event or object when no such situation is present; may
occur in any of the senses (i.e., visual, auditory, gustatory, olfactory or
tactile).
Histrionic personality
disorder:People with this disorder
are overly conscious of their appearance, are constantly seeking attention,
exaggerate emotions and often behave dramatically.
Hostility: The
disposition to inflict harm on another person and/or the actual infliction of
harm, either physically or emotionally.
Hyperventilation: Abnormally
deep or rapid breathing, often seen when someone is anxious.
Hypomania: An
episode of illness that resembles mania, but is less intense and less
disabling. Hypomania is characterized by a euphoric mood, unrealistic optimism,
increased speech and activity, and a decreased need for sleep.
Identity: Self-knowledge
about one’s characteristics or personality. A sense of self.
Illusions: A
false perception; the mistaking of something for what is not.
Impulse-control disorders: Disorders characterized by the inability to
inhibit impulses that might be harmful to oneself or others.
Insomnia: Difficulty
falling asleep or staying asleep when one has the opportunity to be sleeping.
Interpersonal therapy: A
form of psychotherapy that focuses on a patient’s interpersonal relationships;
it may be used to treat depression.
Kleptomania: A
pathological compulsion or impulse to steal.
Learning disorder: When
a child’s academic ability is below what is expected for the child’s age,
schooling and level of intelligence. A learning difficulty is usually
identified in reading, math or writing.
Lethargy: A feeling of tiredness, drowsiness or lack of
energy.
Maintenance treatment: Treatment to prevent a new mood episode, such as
depression, mania or hypomania.
Major depressive disorder
(also known as clinical depression): A major mood disorder
characterized by one or more (recurrent) episodes of major depression, with or
without full recovery between episodes.
Mania: An
episode usually seen in the course of bipolar disorder characterized by a
marked increase in energy, extreme elation, impulsivity, irritability, rapid
speech, nervousness, distractibility and/or poor judgment. During manic
episodes, some people also experience hallucinations or delusions.
Manic depression (also known
as bipolar disorder): Classified as a type of affective disorder (or
mood disorder) that goes beyond the day’s ordinary ups and downs. Manic
depression is characterized by periodic episodes of extreme elation, elevated
mood, or irritability (also called mania) countered by periodic, classic
depressive symptoms.
Melancholy :Symptoms usually found in severe major depressive
episodes, including loss of pleasure, lethargy, weight loss and insomnia.
Mood disorder (also known as
affective disorder): A category of mental health problems including a
disturbance in mood, usually profound sadness or apathy, euphoria or
irritability, such as the disorder major depression.
Narcissistic personality
disorder: People with this personality disorder have
severely overly inflated feelings of self-worth, grandiosity and superiority
over others.
Neurotransmitters :In the brain, these chemicals transfer messages
from one nerve cell to another and affect mood.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD):An anxiety disorder in which
a person has an unreasonable thought, fear or worry that he/she may try to
manage through ritualized activity. Frequently occurring disturbing thoughts or
images are called obsessions, and the rituals performed to try to prevent or
dispel them are called compulsions. People with OCD often become uncomfortable
in situations that are beyond their control and have difficulty maintaining positive,
healthy interpersonal relationships as a result.
Panic disorder (also called
panic attacks): An anxiety disorder characterized by chronic,
repeated and unexpected intense periods of fear when there is no specific cause
for the fear. In between panic attacks, people with panic disorder worry
excessively about when and where the next attack may occur. Panic disorder may
be accompanied by agoraphobia.
Paranoid personality
disorder: People with this disorder
are often cold, distant and unable to form close, interpersonal relationships.
Often overly suspicious of their surroundings, people with paranoid personality
disorder generally cannot see their role in conflict situations and often
project their feelings of paranoia as anger onto others.
Phobia: An
uncontrollable, irrational and persistent fear of a specific object, situation
or activity.
Post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) :A debilitating condition
that is related to a past terrifying physical or emotional experience causing
the person who survived the event to have persistent, frightening thoughts and
memories or flashbacks, of the ordeal. People with PTSD often feel chronically
emotionally numb.
Psychotherapy: The
treatment of mental and emotional disorders using psychological methods, such
as talk therapy.
Purging: People
with bulimia engage in a destructive pattern of ridding their bodies of the
excess calories (to control their weight) by vomiting, abusing laxatives or
diuretics, taking enemas and/or exercising obsessively — a process called
purging.
Pyromania: A
pathological compulsion to set fires.
Rage: A
state of intense emotional experience associated with uncontrolled destructive
behaviour.
Reaction formation: The
converting of wishes or impulses that are perceived to be dangerous into
opposite thoughts. This is considered a defence mechanism.
Regression: The
reversion to an earlier stage of development in the face of unacceptable
impulses. This is considered a defence mechanism.
Relapse :The recurrence of a disease after apparent recovery,
or the return of symptoms after remission.
Remission :A return to the asymptomatic state, usually
accompanied by a return to the usual level of functioning.
Repression :The blocking of unacceptable impulses from
consciousness. This is considered a
defence mechanism.
Schizoid personality
disorder: People with this disorder
are often cold, distant, introverted and have an intense fear of intimacy and
closeness. They are often so absorbed in their own thinking and daydreaming
that they stay detached from others and reality.
Schizophrenia: A complex mental health disorder involving a
severe, chronic and disabling disturbance of the brain. The symptoms may
include hallucinations, delusions and disorganized thinking.
Seasonal affective disorder
(SAD): A mood disorder characterized by depression
related to a certain season of the year — especially winter.
Sedatives: A group of drugs used to produce sedation
(calmness). Sedatives include sleeping pills and anti-anxiety drugs.
Selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs):A commonly prescribed class
of drugs for treating depression. SSRIs work by stopping the reuptake of
serotonin, an action that allows more serotonin to be available to be taken up
by other nerves.
The SSRI Paxil may increase
the risk for birth defects, particularly heart defects, when women take it
during the first three months of pregnancy, according to a 2005 advisory from
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA is waiting for the results of
recent studies to better understand the higher risk. Discuss with your doctor
about the health risks of Paxil if you plan to become pregnant or are in the
first three months of pregnancy. You may want to consider taking a different
antidepressant. Do not stop taking the drug without first talking to your
doctor.
Self-esteem :Feelings about one’s self.
Social phobia: An
anxiety disorder in which a person has significant anxiety and discomfort
related to a fear of being embarrassed, humiliated, or scorned by others in
social or performance situations.
Somatization disorder: A
chronic disorder characterized by multiple, often long-standing physical
complaints such as aches and pains.
Specific phobia: A type of phobia characterized by extreme fear
of an object or situation that is not harmful under normal conditions.
Sublimation: The channelling of unacceptable impulses into
more acceptable outlets. This is considered a defence mechanism.
Suicidal behaviour: Actions taken by one who is considering or
preparing to cause their own death.
Suicidal ideation: Thoughts of suicide or wanting to take one’s
life.
Suicide: The intentional taking of one’s life.
Suicide attempt: An
act focused on taking one’s life that is unsuccessful in causing death.
Supportive therapy; Psychotherapy
that focuses on the management and resolution of current difficulties and life
decisions using the individual’s strengths and available resources.
Symptom breakthrough: The
return of symptoms in the course of either the continuation or maintenance
phase treatment.
Tourette’s syndrome :A tic disorder characterized by repeated
involuntary movements and uncontrollable vocal sounds. This disorder usually
begins during childhood or early adolescence.
Trichotillomania: Recurrent
hair pulling resulting in significant hair loss with a motivation of
self-gratification or tension release.
Tricyclic antidepressants: Drugs
used in the treatment of clinical depression. Tricyclic refers to the presence
of three rings in the chemical structure of these drugs.
Vegetative symptoms :A group of symptoms that refer to sleep, appetite
and/or weight regulation.
Online & Phone Counseling: The
Vivekanantha psychotherapy and counselling Center provides online counselling,
as well as counselling over the telephone. There are certain circumstances
where such therapy is appropriate, especially if the person seeking such
therapy has limited access to transportation or therapists in their area.
If you have
any queries/problems,
We are here to
help you solve your problems.
Feel free to
contact us.
The “Psychologist” Psychological Counseling Centre’s at
Chennai:- 9786901830
Panruti:- 9443054168
Pondicherry:- 9865212055 (Camp)
For appointment please Call us or Mail Us
For appointment: SMS your Name -Age – Mobile Number - Problem in Single word -
date and day - Place of appointment (Eg: Rajini - 99xxxxxxx0 – Family
Counseling – 21st Oct, Sunday - Chennai )
You will
receive Appointment details through SMS
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