Breathing Problems - first aid - மூச்சு சிரமங்களுக்கான முதலுதவி

Breathing difficulties - first aid (மூச்சு சிரமங்களுக்கான முதலுதவி)

Definition

Breathing difficulties can range from:

·         Being short of breath (குறைவாக முச்சுவிடுதல்)

·    Being unable to take a deep breath and gasping for air (ஆழமாக முச்சு எடுத்துவிடுவதில் சிரமம்)

·         Feeling like you are not getting enough air

This article discusses first aid for someone who is having breathing problems.

Alternative Names

Difficulty breathing - first aid; Dyspnea - first aid; Shortness of breath - first aid

Considerations (கவனிக்கப்படவேண்டியவைகள்)

Breathing difficulty is almost always a medical emergency (other than feeling slightly winded from normal activity, such as exercise).

Causes (காரணங்கள்)

There are many different causes for breathing problems. Common causes include:

·         Anemia (இரத்த சோகை)(low red blood cell count)

·         Asthma (ஆஸ்துமா) 

·         Being at a high altitude (மிக உயரமாக இருப்பது)

·         Blood clot in the lung (நுரையீரலில் இரத்த உறைவு)

·  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sometimes called emphysema or chronic bronchitis

·         Collapsed lung (நுரையீரல் நோய்) (Pneumothorax)

·         Heart attack (மாரடைப்பு)

·         Heart disease or heart failure (இதய நோய் அல்லது இதய செயலிழப்பு)

·     Injury to the neck, chest wall, or lungs (கழுத்து, மார்பு சுவர்களில் மற்றும் நுரையீரலில் காயம்)

·         Life-threatening allergic reaction (உயிர் அச்சுறுத்தும் ஒவ்வாமை)

·   Lung cancer or cancer which has moved to the lungs (நுரையீரல் புற்றுநோய் அல்லது புற்றுநோய் நுரையீரளுக்கு பரவுதல்)

·         Near drowning (fluid in the lungs)

·         Pericardial effusion (fluid surrounding the heart and not allowing it to fill properly)

·         Pleural effusion (fluid surrounding the lungs and compressing them)

·         Respiratory infections (சுவாச நோய் தொற்று), including

·         Pneumonia (நிமோனியா)

·         Whooping cough (கக்குவான் இருமல்)

·         Croup (இருமல்)

Acute bronchitis and others

Symptoms (அறிகுறிகள்)

A person with breathing difficulty may have:

·         Bluish lips, fingers, and fingernails (உதடுகள், கைவிரல்கள் மற்றும் நகங்கள் நீல நிறமாக காணப்படுதல்)

·         Chest moving in an unusual way as the person breathes (flail chest or paradoxical movement)

·         Chest pain (மார்பு வலி)

·         Confusion (குழப்பம்)

·         Lightheadedness (உடல் தளர்ச்சி)

·         Weakness (பலவீனம்) or sleepiness

·         Cough (இருமல்)

·         Fever (காய்ச்சல்)

·         Gurgling, wheezing, or whistling sounds

·         Muffled voice (முணுமுணுப்பான குரல்)

·         Need to sit up to breathe

·         Swollen tongue (நாக்கு வீக்கம்)

First Aid (முதலுதவி)

If someone is having breathing difficulty, immediately call 911 or your local emergency number, then:

·         Check the person's airway, breathing, and pulse. If necessary, begin CPR.

·         Loosen any tight clothing (ஆடையை தளர்த்தப்பட வேண்டும்).

·         Help the person use any prescribed medication (an asthma inhaler or home oxygen).

·         Continue to monitor the person's breathing and pulse until medical help arrives. DO NOT assume that the person's condition is improving if you can no longer hear abnormal breath sounds, such as wheezing.

·      If there are open wounds in the neck or chest, they must be closed immediately, especially if air bubbles appear in the wound. Bandage such wounds at once.

·         A "sucking" chest wound allows air to enter the person's chest cavity with each breath. This can cause a collapsed lung. Bandage the wound with plastic wrap, a plastic bag, or gauze pads covered with petroleum jelly, sealing it except for one corner. This allows trapped air to escape from the chest, but it prevents air from entering the chest through the wound.

Do Not

DO NOT:

·         Give the person food or drink.

·         Move the person if there has been a chest or airway injury, unless it is absolutely necessary.

·         Place a pillow under the person's head. This can close the airway.

·         Wait to see if the person's condition improves before getting medical help. Get help immediately.

Prevention (தடுப்புமுறைகள்)

Some things you can do to help prevent breathing problems:

·         Wear a medical alert tag if you have a pre-existing breathing condition, such as asthma.

·         If you have a history of severe allergic reactions, carry an epinephrine pen and wear a medical alert tag. Your doctor will teach you how to use the epinephrine pen.

·         If you have asthma or allergies, eliminate household allergy triggers like dust mites and mold.

·         DO NOT smoke, and keep away from secondhand smoke. DO NOT allow smoking in your home.

·         If you have asthma, see the article on asthma to learn ways to manage it.

·         Make sure your child obtains the whooping cough (pertussis) vaccine.

·      When traveling by airplane, get up and walk around once in every few hours to avoid forming blood clots in your legs. Clots can break off and lodge in your lungs. If traveling by car, stop and walk around regularly.

·         Lose weight. You are more likely to feel winded if you are overweight. You are also at greater risk for heart disease and heart attack.