Male fertility problems
What
are fertility problems?
Infertility can be defined
as the failure to achieve pregnancy after regular unprotected sex (without the
use of any contraception) for at least a year.
'Primary' infertility means
failure to achieve a first pregnancy, 'secondary' infertility means failure to
achieve a subsequent pregnancy.
Primary infertility is an
extremely common problem,
Why
do men get fertility problems?
There are several causes of
fertility problems in men. They include:
- obstructive problems (blockages in sperm-carrying
tubes)
- testicular injury and disease
- varicocele
- sperm disorders
- genetic disorders
- problems with erection) and ejaculation
- hormonal problems
- general medical disorders that reduce fertility
- drugs that reduce fertility
- Environmental toxins and radiation.
Obstructive
problems
A blockage in sperm-carrying
tubes has many potential causes. The most common are outlined below.
- Groin surgery (including hernia repair and fixation of
UN descended testicles).
- Trauma to the scrotum sack covering the testicles (even
fairly minor sporting injuries).
- Infection (particularly Chlamydia, gonorrhoea and
tuberculosis).
- Previous vasectomy (a form of contraception that
involves tying the sperm-carrying tubes).
Some men have congenital (present
at birth) absence of the vas deferens on one or both sides. The vas deferens is
the tube that conducts the testicular component of semen to the urethra, which
then carries semen through the penis to the outside world.
Testicular
injury and disease
A blow to the testicles,
which may occur in sport or during a fight, can cause swelling of the
testicles, or bleeding in or around them. This probably causes the blood supply
to the testicles to fail, resulting in permanent damage to the sperm production
mechanism.
Torsion of the testicles
(twisting of a testicle on its cord) can have a similar effect if it is not
treated very quickly with surgery. Viral infections can cause inflammation of
the testicles (orchitis, which usually appears as painful swelling of the
testicles) and failure of sperm production.
Mumps is the best-known
cause, but is not the only one. Mumps will only affect fertility if it causes
orchitis and, even then, only rarely. Un descended testicles (cryptorchidism)
are another common cause of failure of sperm production. Male infants and
children are routinely examined to identify this problem, as future fertility
can only be preserved if surgical treatment to fix the testicles in the scrotum
is performed in early childhood. Even surgery in infancy does not guarantee
future fertility.
Varicocele
A varicocele is a dilation
of the testicular veins in the spermatic cord that leads from the testicles to
the abdomen. The role of this condition in causing infertility is uncertain and
highly controversial.
They are best identified
when the man is standing up and are often described as feeling like 'a bag of
worms'. Experts suggest that the varicocele either heats up the testicles or
impairs their blood supply resulting in a build-up of body waste products, thus
affecting fertility. The co-existence of other risk factors, such as smoking,
with varicocele seems to have a greater effect on the risk of infertility.
Sperm
disorders
Disorders of sperm numbers,
movement and shape are common in men with infertility. Prolonged abstinence
from ejaculation can affect sperm motility. Modern techniques can identify
structural and biochemical abnormalities within the individual sperm.
Genetic
disorders
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Problems with chromosomes
(packages of genetic material) occur in about 2 to 20 per cent of infertile men
and can affect their fertility in two ways:- chromosome disorders can affect the development of the
testicles. These are usually disorders of the sex chromosomes, by far the
most common being Klinefelter's syndrome. In this disorder, instead of
having 46 chromosomes, including one X and one Y chromosome (46XY), the
man has an additional X chromosome (47XXY).
- chromosome abnormalities can disrupt cell division and
sperm production.
Problems
with erection and ejaculation
Problems with sex are the
principal cause of infertility in about 5% of couples. This can be due to:
- erectile dysfunction (inability to attain or maintain
an erection adequate for intercourse)
- premature ejaculation
- failure to ejaculate
- inability to achieve vaginal penetration for other
reasons.
Hormonal
problems
Testosterone deficiency can
reduce fertility and may be caused by problems with testicular testosterone
production, or problems with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus in the brain,
which control testosterone production. Overproduction of prolactin
(hyperprolactinaemia), a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, may also
reduce fertility.
General
medical disorders that reduce fertility
There are several conditions
that may reduce fertility:
- Fever: influenza
(flu), pneumonia, or even a severe cold can cause a high fever, which will
adversely affect sperm production and quality. These changes usually
recover over a few weeks.
- Diabetes: in the
longer term, diabetes can cause problems with erection and ejaculation
through causing damage to the function of the 'automatic nervous system'.
- High blood pressure:
hypertension (high blood pressure) can cause problems with erection,
either directly or as a side effect of medication.
- Coronary artery disease:
coronary artery disease can cause problems with erection. This could be
due to generalised hardening of the arteries, in the penis as well as the
heart, or to drugs used in the treatment of heart problems.
- Neurological disorders:
multiple sclerosis, stroke and spinal cord injury and disease can all
cause problems with erection and ejaculation.
- Kidney disease:
chronic renal failure, which results in a build up of waste products in
the body, can adversely affect sperm quality and fertility. It can also
cause erection problems.
- Cancer: cancers
that affect the genital tract or endocrine (hormone-producing) systems may
directly reduce fertility. Otherwise, drugs and radiation used to treat
cancer may severely reduce sperm production or even stop it altogether.
Stress (see below) may also have an effect.
- Alcoholism: alcohol
is toxic to sperm and overuse of alcohol can reduce sperm quality and
fertility.
- Stress: stress
causes several hormonal changes in the body that can affect fertility.
Stress can have many causes, including anxiety over fertility problems.
Whom to contact for Male Fertility Treatment
Dr.Senthil Kumar Treats many cases of all
types of Male Fertility, In his
medical professional experience with successful results. Many patients get
relief after taking treatment from Dr.Senthil Kumar. Dr.Senthil Kumar
visits Chennai at Vivekanantha Homeopathy Clinic, Velachery, Chennai 42. To get
appointment please call 9786901830, +91 94430 54168 or mail to consult.ur.dr@gmail.com,
For more details & Consultation Feel
free to contact us.
Vivekanantha
Clinic Consultation Champers at
Chennai:- 9786901830
Panruti:- 9443054168
Pondicherry:- 9865212055 (Camp)
For appointment please
Call us or Mail Us
For
appointment: SMS your Name -Age – Mobile Number - Problem in Single word -
date and day - Place of appointment (Eg: Rajini – 30 - 99xxxxxxx0 – Erectile
dysfunction (ED), varicocele, low sperm count, azoospermia, pre mature
ejaculation, நரம்பு தளர்ச்சி, விந்தனுக்கள் குறைபாடு, விந்து முந்துதல், வெரிகோசில், விரைப்புத்தண்மை
குறைபாடு, ஆண்மை குறைபாடு– 21st Oct, Sunday - Chennai ), You will receive Appointment
details through SMS
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